These are so-called Artikelwörter in German, because they act like and take the same endings as definite or indefinite articles. They are sometimes called determiners in English, because they determine more specifically the meaning of the noun they are used with.
The der-words are sometimes called dieser-words.They are:
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der, die, das, die |
the; that |
solcher |
such a, such |
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dieser,-e,-es,-e |
this |
mancher |
many a, many |
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jeder (pl. alle) |
each, every |
jener |
that, yon |
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aller (usually pl.) |
each, every; all (pl) |
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welcher |
which, what |
The ein-words include, ein, kein and all possessive adjectives:
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ein, eine, ein, -- |
a, an |
kein,-e,-,-e |
no, not any, not…a |
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Possessive adjectives (agree with the word they describe): |
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mein,-e,-,-e |
my |
unser |
our |
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dein (to a du-person) |
your |
euer (to ihr-people) |
your |
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sein |
his |
ihr |
their |
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ihr |
her |
Ihr (to a Sie-person or -people) |
your |
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sein |
its |
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The der-words andein-words share the same endings except for those in the pink boxes below:
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dies-er |
dies-e |
dies-es |
dies-e |
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kein__ |
kein__ |
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dies-en |
dies-e |
dies-es |
dies-e |
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kein__ |
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jed-em |
welch-er |
solch-em |
all-en -n |
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dies-es |
jed-er |
welch-es |
all-er |
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In other words, ein-words have NO ENDING in the forms listed above in the pink boxes.
Note that the -er of unser and euer is NOT an ending! Endings are addedto the entire words unser and euer. When an ending is added to these two words, the -e- before the final-r often is dropped: mit unsrem (or unserem) Vater, für eure Oma.