Concept Sheet: Biological Basis of Behavior
DGQ:  Know the parts of the neuron and their functions!!	
TERMS
Nervous Tissue	The Nervous System (continued)	
	Glia		Peripheral Nervous System	
	Neurons			Afferent Nerves	
		Soma			Efferent Nerves	
		Dendrites		Autonomic Nervous System	
		Axon			Sympathetic Nervous System	
		Myelin Sheath			Parasympathetic nervous system	
		Terminal Buttons	BRAIN PARTS & FUNCTIONS	
		Synapse	Lesioning	
Neural Impulse	Electrical Stimulation of the Brain (ESB)	
	Ions (Potassium, Sodium, Chloride)	CT Scan	
	Polarized Cell	MRI	
	Resting Potential	PET scan	
	Action Potential	Hindbrain	
	Absolute Refractory Period		Pons & Cerebellum	
	All or None Law	Midbrain	
Synapse		Reticular Formation	
	Synaptic cleft	Forebrain	
Post Synaptic Potential (exitatory or inhibitory)			Thalamus	
Neurotransmitters		Hypothalamus	
	Acetylcholine (Ach)		The Limbic System	
	Agonists (e.g., Nicotine)		The Cerebrum	
	Antagonists (e.g., Curarae)			Occipital Lobe	
	Biogenic Amines			Parietal Lobe	
		Norepinephrine (NE)			Temporal Lobe	
		Epinephrine (EPI)			Frontal Lobe	
		Dopamine (DA)	Cerebral Hemispheres (Right and Left)	
	GABA		Corpus Collusum	
	Endorphins	Broca’s Area	
Endocrine System	Wernicke’s Area	
	Hormones	Split Brain Surgery	
	Pituitary Gland	Hemispheric Specialization	
The Nervous System		Left Brained	
	Central Nervous System		Right Brained	

CONCEPT QUESTIONS:
1.	Name the three integrated biological information processing systems (of our body) that were cited in class.
2.	What are 2 “invasive” and 3 “noninvasive” methods used for exploring the relationship between brain and behavior?
3.	What are the structures discussed in class that respectively related to the hindbrain, midbrain and forebrain?
4.	What are the 4 “lobes” of the cerebrum and what is the primary function of each?
5.	What is the “corpus collosum” and how does it relate to the right and left hemispheres of the brain?
6.	How did discoveries in the 1800’s by Broca and Wernicke, and in the 1900’s lead to the belief that the left side of the brain tends to specialize in language and communication processes? 
7.	How did the Nobel prize winning split brain research by Gazzaniga & Sperry demonstrate that Broca and Wernicke’s findings were essentially accurate?  What did these studies tell us about specialization of the right side of the brain?
8.	What are the 2 major "parts" of the CNS?  What is the peripheral nervous system and what are its 2 major divisions?  
9.	What are the 2 major divisions of the autonomic nervous system?  Which of these parts is most associated with Cannon’s “fight vs. flight” response?
10.	What is a neuron?  Name 5 parts of a neuron and the functional significance (what is their use?) of each of these parts.
11.	What is meant by the term “resting potential”?  What leads to the resting potential in a cell?  What is an action potential and how does it relate to a neural impulse? 
12.	Explain how action potentials are governed by both an absolute refractory period and the “all-or-none” law.
13.	What is a synapse or “synaptic cleft” (same thing).
14.	Why is neural communication considered “electrochemical”?  (Hint) How are strings of millions of neurons communicated with one another if they do not actually touch one another?  How do the terms, “neurotransmitter”, “pre-synaptic neuron” and “post-synaptic neuron” fit into this explanation?
15.	What are the 5 steps of synaptic transmission?  What is meant in step 5 by “reuptake of presynaptic neurons”?
16.	What are neurotransmitters? Be able to tell an important aspect of each neurotransmitter presented in class (6 types).