PY101:  Concept Sheet:  Psychology of Learning
	
TERMS
Learning	Operant Conditioning  (Skinner)	
	Conditioning	Reinforcement	
	Skinner Box	
Pavlovian/Classical Conditioning/	Reinforcement Contingencies	
Unconditioned Association (primary)	Rate of Response	
	Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)	Cumulative Record	
	Unconditioned Response (UCR)	Acquisition	
Neutral Stimulus	Shaping	
Conditioned Association	Extinction	
	Condition Stimulus	Reinforcement Schedules	
	Conditioned "Psychic" Reflex		Continuous/Intermittent	
Acquisition	Ratio Schedules	
Trial		Fixed Ratio	
Conditioned Emotional Response		Variable Ratio	
S-R bond Strength	Interval Schedule	
Extinction		Fixed interval	
Temporal Contiguity		Variable Interval	
Spontaneous Recovery	Positive/Negative Reinforcement	
Stimulus Generalization	Punishment	
	Little Albert		
Stimulus Discrimination	Observational Learning (Bandura)	
Higher Order Conditioning		models	

CONCEPT QUESTIONS:
1.	What is learning?  Give some common examples.
2.	What did Pavlov show regarding learned behavior in classical conditioning?  
3.	Explain why Pavlov called the CR a "psychic reflex".  Why was this simple finding powerful?
4.	Understand the difference between the UCR, UCS, CS, CR and Neutral Stimulus (NS).
5.	Why are many fears called conditioned emotional responses?  Can you identify other CERs?
6.	How does temporal contiguity and stimulus strength relate to the strength of S-R bonds?
7.	What is the relationship between extinction and spontaneous recovery?
8.	What is Stimulus Generalization and how does it relate to "Little Albert"?
9.	What is Stimulus Discrimination and how does it related to my dog Grady?
10.	What is Higher Order conditioning.  Give an example from class.
11.	What is operant conditioning and how does it differ from classical conditioning, and how does the concept of "reinforcement" fit into your explanation?
12.	What types of conditions strengthen (reinforce) behaviors?
13.	What is the difference between interval and ratio reinforcement schedules?  What are the 2 variations in each of these schedules?  Describe their characteristics reinforcement patterns.
14.	Differentiate 2 kinds of reinforcement? Define each clearly.
15.	What is the difference between negative reinforcement and punishment?  Define each completely.
16.	What are 3 problems with punishment and rules for effective application if utilized?